The Importance of Impellers in a Centrifugal Pump

A centrifugal water pump is one that moves fluid outward from the center point of rotation. An impeller is the component that does the work, harnessing the power of the motor to ensure the fluids are pumped effectively and efficiently. The impeller generates pressure which is then converted into velocity as the outward movement of the fluid stays confined in what is known as a pump casing. In most cases, the pump casing is a short cylinder with an inlet, known as an eye.

How Does the Impeller Work?
This is the heart of the centrifugal pump. It lies in the middle of the pumping system and has curved blades known as vanes which rotate. The impeller is immersed in water and the motor which spins the impeller, is what produces the centrifugal force.
The impeller is also responsible for the following:

•  Flow Rate of the Pump
• Pressure Inside the Pump and the Liquid
• Solid Handling Capacity of the Centrifugal Pump

What is an Open Impeller in Industrial Centrifugal Pumps?
One of the most commonly used type of impeller is an open impeller. These are used in centrifugal water pumps and are very popular. They are used frequently because they:

• Do Not Easily Clog
• Can Pump Liquids with Suspended Solids
• Offer External Adjustment

Do Not Easily Clog
While many impellers can clog in certain situations, an open impeller rarely does.
Can Pump Liquids with Suspended Solids
When operating correctly, they can even move fluids with suspended solids in it. Suspended solids can include:

• Slurries
• Twigs
• Waste
•  Light Paper Products

The main reason they are so frequently used is their ability to pump liquids containing suspended solids. Not all impellers are able to handle the work load.
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Offers External Adjustment
By using the external adjustment, an open impeller can be easy to maintain. By adjusting the open impeller properly, it can extend its life by ensuring the proper clearance is maintained. Adjustments are more common when the open impeller’s parts begin to show signs of wear. The good news, is the adjustments are made outside the casing. There is no need to take the centrifugal pump apart to perform maintenance. This makes adjustments quick and less intrusive than on other impellers.

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